A recent study in BMC Endocrine Disorders explored the effect of bariatric surgery (BS) compared to semaglutide in achieving remission of type 2 diabetes. This BS-induced remission is likely due to its impact on lowering pro-inflammatory secretion.
In metabolic diseases, weight loss improves the adipose tissue secretome and prevents the onset of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Bariatric surgery (BS) and pharmacotherapy are the most effective methods for controlling blood glucose levels. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the changes in adipose tissue secretome after semaglutide injection and BS.
Researchers selected 17 T2DM patients. Each patient underwent clinical biochemistry examination, collection of subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies, assessment of insulin resistance, and anthropometry before and after receiving semaglutide or BS therapy. The standard enzymatic protocol was used to isolate ADSC from biopsies. The ADSC was divided into white and beige adipocytes. Confocal microscopy was used to assess adipogenesis and thermogenesis. A MILLIPLEX panel analysed the secretome of adipocytes and cytokine plasma levels.
Results showed a decline in BMI, total fat content, HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose after treatment with BS and semaglutide. In BS, insulin sensitivity increased only after 6 months. Elevation of angiogenic and proinflammatory cytokines in the adipocyte secretory profile was observed with Semaglutide therapy. Researchers detected an increase in proinflammatory cytokines in both the adipocyte secretome and plasma levels after BS. However, adipocyte secretome showed a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines after BS compared to semaglutide therapy.