High-intensity interval training (HIIT) provides a time-efficient strategy to lower visceral fat and improve glucose control in people with T2DM. Published in the International Journal of Exercise Science, this systematic review assessed randomized controlled trials that compared HIIT with non-exercise interventions, focusing on VAT and glycemic outcomes.

Five eligible studies involving 138 participants were analyzed. Four trials showed significant decreases in VAT following 8–12 weeks of thrice-weekly cycling-based HIIT. All studies reported reductions in HbA1c compared with controls, reflecting better glucose regulation.

Overall, structured HIIT programs yielded meaningful short-term improvements in fat distribution and blood glucose control. However, small study sizes, heterogeneous exercise protocols, and limited follow-up periods restrict generalizability. Standardized and longer-duration trials are needed to confirm durability and guide clinical application.