Fixed-dose combination therapy demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement in metabolic and renal parameters in adults with diabetes and kidney disease. The study published in the International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries evaluated dual and triple fixed-dose combinations in T2DM and CKD.

The multicenter analysis incorporated retrospective chart review with prospective follow-up across 150 Indian centers. Eligible adults met Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m² or urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g.

Mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased from 9.39% to 7.45%. Fasting and postprandial glucose declined by 53.6 mg/dL and 99.2 mg/dL, respectively. Serum creatinine declined from 4.11 to 2.58 mg/dL, and UACR decreased by 193 mg/g. Improvements were also observed in sodium, calcium, and potassium abnormalities. Weight variations occurred in 49% of patients, and adverse events remained <10% without hospitalization.

The consistent metabolic and renal improvements indicate favorable therapeutic performance of fixed-dose combinations and support their use as a viable strategy in T2DM with CKD.