Maintaining blood glucose within target ranges plays a critical role in improving maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by T1D. A study published in Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics evaluated whether time in range, eTIR, predicts adverse perinatal outcomes.

The retrospective cohort study included 140 singleton pregnancies initiated before 20 weeks of gestation, with live births free of malformations, between 2010 and 2019. eTIR was defined as the proportion of time spent within 63–140 mg/dL (3.5–7.8 mmol/L), and grouped into eTIR <50%, 50%–70%, and >70%.

Compared with women with eTIR <50%, those achieving eTIR 50%–70% and >70% had significantly reduced risks of preterm birth (OR 0.271; 95% CI 0.094–0.786 and OR 0.219; 95% CI 0.058–0.826),neonatal respiratory distress (OR 0.341; 95% CI 0.124–0.936 and OR 0.122; 95% CI 0.029–0.516), and large-for-gestational-age infants (OR 0.246; 95% CI 0.084–0.719 and OR 0.115; 95% CI 0.028–0.469).

The findings suggest that achieving an eTIR above 50% may be sufficient to reduce major perinatal complications, reinforcing the importance of consistent glucose monitoring and management in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.