Inhaled ultra rapid acting insulin demonstrated consistent glycemic control and a favorable safety profile when evaluated with AID systems in adults with type 1 diabetes. This proof-of-concept study, published in the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, assessed TI using a higher conversion dose than the current United States Prescribing Information recommends.

The study included 33 adults with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 7% and 11% who were randomized into three groups: TI plus AID, TI plus insulin degludec, and control (AID alone). Twenty four participants completed 90 days of treatment. All groups showed similar declines in HbA1c, with a statistically significant reduction in the control group. Pulmonary function, measured by FEV1, showed no meaningful change within or between groups.

Rates of hypoglycemia below 70 milligrams per deciliter and below 54 milligrams per deciliter were comparable across treatment arms, and no severe hypoglycemic events occurred. No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported, although two participants receiving TI experienced respiratory events, including a clinically relevant decline in pulmonary function and wheezing.

These findings support the safety and clinical flexibility of inhaled Technosphere insulin as a mealtime option when used with automated insulin delivery systems or combined with basal insulin.