Dyslipidemia plays a central role in Cardiovascular Disease and cerebrovascular disease. This study published in the Medicine assessed whether novel lipid markers—non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and lipid accumulation product (LAP)—are associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) risk and compared their predictive performance with traditional lipid and obesity indices.

Data from 18,996 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations of NHHR, AIP, and LAP with hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, and stroke. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) assessed nonlinearity, receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated predictive ability, and subgroup analyses examined heterogeneity.

In fully adjusted models, NHHR and AIP were significantly associated with hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, and stroke. LAP was associated with hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, and angina but not with stroke. RCS analyses identified nonlinear relationships for NHHR with hypertension and coronary heart disease (P for nonlinear < .05) and for AIP with hypertension and stroke. LAP demonstrated threshold effects for hypertension, coronary heart disease, and angina. Subgroup analyses identified significant interactions, including sex and diabetes modifying NHHR-hypertension associations; AIP–hypertension associations varying by sex, education, smoking status, and BMI; and LAP–hypertension associations differing by sex and BMI.

NHHR, AIP, and LAP were independently associated with CCVD risk. Prospective studies are required to determine causality.