Inadequate glycemic control on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) remains a common clinical challenge in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), often prompting treatment modification. A prospective observational study published in Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice evaluated outcomes following transition to oral semaglutide (OS) in this setting.

This 40-week study included 281 adults with T2DM who initiated OS after suboptimal glycemic control on DPP-4i. Assessments were conducted at baseline (V1), intermediate visits, and at week 40 ± 4 (V3). The primary endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), while secondary endpoints included body weight (BW), patient-reported outcomes assessed using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), and anthropometric and clinical parameters.

From baseline to week 40, mean HbA1c decreased by −0.7 ± 0.05% (p<0.0001), and BW decreased by −3.6 ± 0.22 kg (p<0.0001). Scores across DDS domains and DEBQ emotional and external eating domains decreased, reflecting reductions in diabetes-related distress and changes in eating behavior patterns. Adverse events were reported in 23.1% of participants, and no hypoglycemic episodes were observed.

These findings indicate that transition to OS was associated with improvements in glycemic control, body weight, and patient-reported outcomes in adults with T2DM previously treated with DPP-4i.