Poor Sleep Quality Linked to Behavioral and Emotional Factors in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes

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A recent study published in the Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications explored the link between type 1 diabetes and poor sleep quality.

The study aimed to determine the factors linked poor sleep quality in patients with type 1 diabetes.
A total of 1322 PwT1D were included in the study. The researchers sourced the data from the BETTER Registry. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure the quality of sleep. Income, body mass index, biological sex, diabetes duration, age, education, ethnicity, glucose monitoring method, hypoglycemia awareness, treatment type, diabetes-related distress and stigma, social support, fear of hypoglycemia, alcohol, snacking before bedtime, cannabis use, depression, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] were determined using multivariate logistic regression analyses.

The mean PSQI score was 6.0 ± 3.4. Poor sleep quality was found in 47.3% of participants. Greater fear of hypoglycemia (OR = 1.016), snack before bedtime (OR = 1.706), being female (OR = 1.422), being overweight/obese (OR = 1.376), accumulation of <150 min/week of MVPA (OR = 1.563), moderate-to-severe depression (OR = 6.160), and use of cannabis (OR = 1.578) were correlated with poor sleep quality.

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Key highlights

47.3% of individuals with type 1 diabetes reported poor sleep quality (PSQI ≥ 6).
Depression (OR = 6.16) and fear of hypoglycemia were strongly associated with disturbed sleep.
Cannabis use, bedtime snacking, and low physical activity (<150 min/week) also increased the likelihood of poor sleep.

Source

Vézina-Im L-A, Turcotte A-F, Messier V, et al. BETTER sleep: Sleep quality among adults living with type 1 diabetes in Canada. J Diabetes Complications. 2025;39(10):109137. doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2025.109137.

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